The combined activity of Bacillus cereus and calcium oxide nanoparticles in chromium degradation

Abstract

Background: Chromium contamination in the soil and environment  is a significant environmental concern due to its toxicity and is  needed to be addressed. This study investigates the potential of  Bacillus cereus and calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles for  chromium remediation and plant growth promotion. Methodology: The bacterium’s resistance to chromium and its plant growth promoting Rhizobacterial (PGPR) characteristics was assessed by  inoculating seeds into bacterial broth prior to germination. Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles were synthesized by using eggshell waste as calcium source by sol gel method. Seed germination was tested in  two conditions: normal soil and chromium-contaminated soil, with and without Bacillus cereus and nanoparticles. Results: Results showed that while chromium inhibited seed germination in contaminated soil, the presence of Bacillus cereus, CaO nanoparticles, or combination enabled seed germination despite chromium toxicity. Conclusion: The study concluded that Bacillus cereus and CaO nanoparticles can degrade chromium and promote  plant growth, offering a promising approach for soil remediation.